PHASE 4

EXPLANATION TEXT

“Volcano Eruption”

      A volcanic eruption occurs when hot materials from the Earth's interior are thrown out of a volcano. Lava, rocks, dust, and gas compounds are some of these "ejecta". Eruptions can come from side branches or from the top of the volcano. Some eruptions are terrible explosions that throw out huge amounts of rock and volcanic ash and can kill many people. Some are quiet outflows of hot lava. Several more complex types of volcanic eruptions have been described by volcanologists. These are often named after famous volcanoes where that type of eruption has been seen. Some volcanoes may show only one type of eruption during a period of activity, while others may show a range of types in a series.


     How do volcanoes form?
     The majority of volcanoes in the world form along the boundaries of Earth's tectonic plates—massive expanses of our planet's lithosphere that continually shift, bumping into one another. When tectonic plates collide, one often plunges deep below the other in what's known as a subduction zone.

     Volcanic eruption is a natural phenomenon that occurs due to deposition of magma in the earth and flushed out by gas that has strong power. Volcanic eruption is one of a very powerful disasters. Almost all of the volcanic activity relate to the zone of active seismicity because it is directly connected with the plate boundary of the earth. The volcanic eruption begins with the activity at plate boundary of the earth that sustains a significant change in pressure and temperature. So, it can make the rock material around it melted which we usually called as incandescent liquid or magma. Magma formed through exreme hot temperature in the earth bowels. At a relative depth, a very high temperature can make the entire material in the earth bowels melted.

     When these materials melted, it produces gas that will mixed with with the magma. Magma that will be released by volcanic eruption formed at a depth of approximately 60 to 160 KM below the earth’s surface. Then the magma that contains gas will be under the pressure of solid rocks that are around the crater. This pressure causes the magma erupted and move out towards the earth’s surface.


     So that until now the volcano is still a scary thing for humans.  Because extraordinary volcanoes that can lead to the formation of islands and lakes, can even cover the earth's atmosphere which causes extreme temperature changes. For that we need to pay attention to the volcano warning scheme in Indonesia given by the Climatology and Geophysics Meteorology Agency.  So that we can determine the right time to evacuate when volcanic eruptions occur around our area.